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We
have arrived at the idea of an ‘evolution of freedom’. To summarize, our
thinking the temporal sequence of our transitions can only be called
'evolution'. There is hardly another term that is appropriate, notwithstanding
the seeming contradiction with the normal account via the basic vehicle of that
'evolution': free activity. Actually our eonic pattern solves this problem for
us, and the factor of its intermittency allows us easily to create a construct
that can reconcile the seeming contradiction. Thus there is a simple way to
blend the two in a mixed 'causality/freedom' system of the type we have
mentioned already.
Vehicle/passenger There are
innumerable examples of such mixed systems. Think of an ocean liner and its
passengers. The ocean liner is the system, the free action of the passengers
operates within the constraints of that system. We can use the term 'evolution'
for the system, and 'history' for the free action. Note the way the meanings of
the basic terms shift: determinism/free will turns into 'system action' and
'free action', the latter not necessarily 'free will'. We don't need to posit
free will to study such mixed systems (maybe we should anyway, but the minimum
claim is all we need to proceed).
System and free activity If we are
going to make good on the idea of evolution in history we must carefully
delineate the action of the 'system' we say is doing 'evolution' and the
activity of individuals inside that system. In general this would be a
contradictory situation since we consider 'history' to be free activity not
influenced by anything else. But in an intermittent or eonic system this problem
has an ingenious solution, which we will pursue as we go along: we can use both
ideas braided together.
Eonic Observers It is not only legitimate but illuminating to bring the
idea of evolution into our recent past, then our present, then even the future.
Something strange happens to theories. We suffer a crisis of objectivity, in the
way we ourselves as 'eonic observers' are carrying out as 'free activity' the
output of the system. If religions, philosophies, or political action show
determination in the phases of our eonic sequence, our continuations of that
output in the middle intervals has a problematical status. But in fact there is
no problem at all, this is an ingenious way to 'do evolution'.
Evolution of evolution One consequence of this is that, as we have
already seen, the idea of evolution, indeed science itself, is itself an eonic
phenomenon. It is born among the Greeks (and Indians), dies out, and is reborn
in the next step in the eonic sequence, with a timing down to the decades of
eighteenth century that is almost spooky. We may legitimately ask if Darwinism
didn't distort instantly the reborn idea, Lamarck having had the better idea.
Darwin confused the idea with that other eonic innovation, the free market
ideology of Adam Smith, or so we suspect.
There is a problem here. We can't produce a theory using the output of the
system in question. We would need a timeless 'meta-theory' that is 'beyond
history'. We don't have such a thing. We use the output of the system, Science
in this case, to do the 'science of evolution'. Let's hope it works, up to a
point. But it is a temporal continuation of the eonic sequence itself. We can
however proceed empirically with an 'evolutionary map', an historical
description that uses periodization. We may not have a meta-theory, but we can
count on our fingers, i.e using periodization analysis, to map out our
'evolution' into history.
With
these caveats we see that the eonic effect is best described as a
relationship of evolution and history taken together. Evolution takes the
'system' designation, history the 'free action' response to the system. The
eonic effect shows the characteristic ‘rolling out’ (Latin, e-volvere)
connected to a developmental sequence that we associate with the abstract
dictionary definition of the term. And yet at each stage it is simply people
doing something in a particular place and time.
Self-consciousness/creativity The
paradox we have created is simply solved by considering that 'free activity' can
change its character, its state of consciousness. These changes are the factor
of 'self-consciousness', any form of heightened or altered awareness. In
particular the 'creative consciousness' we see in the eonic pattern allows us to
reconcile the system action with individual action. The system generates
creative intervals. But it is the individuals who carry out the whole thing.
We must be careful here not to let our system monopolize creative action.
Creativity is potential at all times, so we are merely saying that, for some
reason we don't know, there is a larger system that impinges on this potential.
Whatever else is the case, we are learning that we have a potential, but that it
is sluggish. We would want to 'evolve the freedom', or rather 'self-evolve the
freedom' to create at any period, and not depend on the eonic jump-start
sequence.
Here
is the interesting part: we are suddenly in a head-on collision with biological
definitions of evolution. Since this new meaning for the term 'evolution' seems
to violate Darwinian usage, we can agree to qualify the term ‘evolution’ as
‘eonic evolution’, as we go along. Eonic evolution is a stepping
sequence of turning points. And we tend to separate ‘history’ and
‘evolution’ in our minds as two separate entities. But in fact we are
confronted with the apparent contradiction that what we mean by history is also
evolution, and what we mean by evolution, at least for man, is also history.
This problem becomes acute with the eonic data, since the random flow of
historical events is seen to be joined by a larger process operating on a
stupendous global scale. We have stumbled on Big History, as macroevolution,
with a vengeance. To repeat, we have solved this using a mixed
'causality/freedom' system model, one we are in the process of constructing. But
we already have the gist. The next chapter will provide some details.
Of
course, it makes no difference what we call our pattern, it is something to be
reckoned with in and of itself. But we are suddenly suspicious that on the scale
of five thousand years we are one tenth the way from the Great Explosion, and
such a large scale process puts a question in our minds about what we actually
mean by the 'descent of man'. Whatever we think the phenomenon of the eonic
effect shows ‘developmental or evolutionary’ processes that can operate over
the long range, act globally via localized transient effects, remember its
tracks in a sequence stretching over millennia, involve itself in all issues of
culture, from art to philosophy and religion, and this even includes the
question of the cultural evolution of political systems. There is something
confusing here still, that we will have to sort out. How is the free activity of
individuals going to be evolution? Thus, this is not the same as saying that
this process actually generates these effects in some determinate matter, and as
we ponder the common denominator of all the different focal points of the eonic
effect we are driven to a higher level of abstraction where the effect seems one
of a kind of relative transformational process, or amplification,
intensification. And in that process the free activity of individuals, without
determinism, has to remain a relevant factor. As we will see, that's the beauty
of the eonic effect, it solves this theoretical problem for us, as we will see.
Self-evolution?
Our 'evolution of some kind' produces quite naturally a successor: the idea
of 'self-evolution' of man in the wake of the eonic sequence. This requires
pulling yourself up by the bootstraps to actually carry out some evolutionary
process induced by the system. We have in fact already invented this idea, and
called it 'history' as free action looking for 'real freedom'.
Micro/macro This self-evolution as history would in fact correspond to
the 'micro' aspect of our 'macro' component. Note that microevolution in this
case does NOT mean natural selection. It means replicating 'creative
self-consciousness' at the highest level of quality attainable in the wake of
the eonic sequence.
Consider just how different this is from Darwinian thinking with its focus on
survival of the fittest. Survival is an invariant requirement at all stages, we
can jhardly deny that. But it is a gate-crasher that too often interrupts the
chances of real development. It is a fact of life, but not the source of
evolution. Our 'eonic religious processes' are moving instead to induce
qualitative upgrades to 'free action and thence to integrate groups of
individuals and cultures over large areas into ethical communities. Injecting
selectionist thinking into this mix, well that's life, but it isn't evolution.
We have found one source, or example, of the 'evolution #2' that we were looking
for.
There is a problem here, which is that this is a discussion of the Axial
period, while our present shows us in a secular one, frequently trying to
transcend these religions. As we go along this should be a simple issue to
resolve, in general, although in practice great confusion arises on this score.
Eonic observers again We have stumbled on a very strange kind of
system, one in which we, as 'eonic observers' are also 'eonic agents'. We are
defining our very high-level system in terms of its 'action sequences', e.g.
religions, political systems, scientific enquiries. But these are also system
dependent. We are taking the emergence of religions, the creation of science,
the development of political systems as evidence of our pattern. And yet these
are open categories free to our modification. It seems to confuse two things. We
propose our own action as evidence, yet we are the ones free to make that
evidence as we please. This is no trivial issue. The evidence of TP3, modernity,
could altered on the spot choosing to undo modernity, quite a real danger since
we in fact see such initiatives in our current world culture.
Eonic agents? In fact, we have defined our material in such a way as to
prevent this paradox: we are only making statements about the past. Our
transitions are finite intervals, and the most recent one is a fait accompli,
and our eonic data is secure. We can regress to the stone age, wreck our eonic
sequence, do what we please, but the eonic sequence so far is a fact. We are
outside that sequence, in a new state of history, whatever that is. In
fact, as we will see, there is something solid in the eonic sequence. It can
slump, deviate, or forget itself, but overall it sets an overwhelming trend in a
certain pattern of directionality. Undoing TP3, the project of a host of
postmodern conspirators, has shown how the momentum of modernity would be hard
to undo.
TP4 exceptions!? Let us introduce one way to formalize this seeming
paradox by considering the possibility of a 'fourth turning point', one freely
created by ourselves, designed to contradict the eonic pattern. A gang of irate
postmodernists bands together to try and undo TP3. The point here is that
nothing in this kind of system forbids this. It seems we should vigorously
defend our eonic sequence from this possibility but the nature of a system
evolving freedom has to be inherently dangerous. It has no final guarantees. It
merely sets direction. The rest is up to us.
These remarks give a complete summary, and anticipate our
future creation of an eonic model. Enough to see that our eonic sequence in
producing an unexpected Big History, and this in turn barges into the category
of 'evolution', 'evolution of some kind', and treads on the toes of the
Darwinian version. This 'evolution' is so sophisticated that it may leave us
unable to objectivity evaluate what it is doing. We aren't external observers.
We are sequentially dependent on the system's action, executors of its
intermittent action.
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